Now that you have declared the functions to be exported, you also
have to introduce them to Zend. Introducing the list of functions is done by
using an array of zend_function_entry. This array consecutively
contains all functions that are to be made available externally, with the function's name
as it should appear in PHP and its name as defined in the C source.
Internally, zend_function_entry is defined as shown in
Example 51-1.
Example 51-1. Internal declaration of zend_function_entry.
Denotes the function name as seen in PHP (for
example, fopen, mysql_connect, or, in our
example, first_module).
handler
Pointer to the C function responsible for handling calls
to this function. For example, see the standard macro
INTERNAL_FUNCTION_PARAMETERS discussed earlier.
func_arg_types
Allows you to mark certain parameters so that they're forced
to be passed by reference. You usually should set this to
NULL.
In the example above, the declaration looks like this:
You can see that the last entry in the list always has to be
{NULL, NULL, NULL}.
This marker has to be set for Zend to know when the end of the
list of exported functions is reached.
Note:
You cannot use the predefined macros for the
end marker, as these would try to refer to a function named "NULL"!
The macro ZEND_FE (short for 'Zend Function
Entry') simply expands to a structure entry in
zend_function_entry. Note that these macros
introduce a special naming scheme to your functions - your C
functions will be prefixed with zif_, meaning
that ZEND_FE(first_module) will refer to a C
function zif_first_module(). If you want to mix
macro usage with hand-coded entries (not a good practice), keep
this in mind.
Tip: Compilation errors that refer to functions
named zif_*() relate to functions defined
with ZEND_FE.
Table 51-2 shows a list of all the macros
that you can use to define functions.
Table 51-2. Macros for Defining Functions
Macro Name
Syntax
ZEND_FE(name, arg_types)
Defines a function entry of the name name in
zend_function_entry. Requires a corresponding C
function. arg_types needs to be set to NULL.
This function uses automatic C function name generation by prefixing the PHP
function name with zif_.
For example, ZEND_FE("first_module", NULL) introduces a
function first_module() to PHP and links it to the C
function zif_first_module(). Use in conjunction
with ZEND_FUNCTION.
ZEND_NAMED_FE(php_name, name, arg_types)
Defines a function that will be available to PHP by the
name php_name and links it to the corresponding C
function name. arg_types needs to be set
to NULL. Use this function if you don't want the automatic
name prefixing introduced by ZEND_FE. Use in conjunction
with ZEND_NAMED_FUNCTION.
ZEND_FALIAS(name, alias, arg_types)
Defines an alias named alias for
name. arg_types needs to be set
to NULL. Doesn't require a corresponding C
function; refers to the alias target instead.
PHP_FE(name, arg_types)
Old PHP API equivalent of ZEND_FE.
PHP_NAMED_FE(runtime_name, name, arg_types)
Old PHP API equivalent of ZEND_NAMED_FE.
Note: You can't use
ZEND_FE in conjunction with
PHP_FUNCTION, or PHP_FE in
conjunction with ZEND_FUNCTION. However, it's
perfectly legal to mix ZEND_FE and
ZEND_FUNCTION with PHP_FE
and PHP_FUNCTION when staying with the same
macro set for each function to be declared. But mixing is
not recommended; instead, you're advised to
use the ZEND_* macros only.
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